Rheology is the scientific discipline that deals with the deformation and flow behavior of matter. The main focus of rheology is on investigating the flow and deformation properties of materials under different stresses, temperatures and time windows or frequencies.
The term "rheology" is derived from the Greek words "rheo" (flow) and "logos" (teaching). In its basic meaning, rheology therefore investigates how materials react to external forces and how their structure changes under different conditions. The results of rheological investigations are particularly important for the processing industry, as they provide insights into the flow and deformation properties of materials during production and thus provide information for the design of process machines and their parameterization.
Rheology provides a variety of physical and engineering parameters, including viscosities, shear and strain rates, elasticities, deformations and deformation rates, as well as mass and volume flow rates. Rheological measurements are usually carried out using special devices known as rheometers, which are used to measure these parameters in a laboratory environment, i.e. with small quantities of material under precisely defined conditions.
Accredited test methods
Non-accredited test methods
Melt Index Testers
for determining melt volume and melt mass flow rates (MVR and MFR values)
Ubbelohde Glass Capillary Viscometers
for determining viscosity numbers and intrinsic viscosities at both room temperature and high temperatures
Rotational Rheometers
Our rotational rheometers enable comprehensive characterization of the rheological properties of polymer melts, adhesives, pastes, oils, greases, and gels. The parameters determined include storage modulus, loss modulus, curing kinetics, pot life, and the determination of the viscosity function.
Example instrument: Anton Paar MCR 302e
High-Pressure Capillary Rheometer (HKR)
The high-pressure capillary rheometer analyzes the flow behavior of plastic melts under process-relevant conditions with high pressures and shear rates. It determines the viscosity function, wall slip behavior, melt elasticity, and the influence of pressure on flow behavior.
Example instrument: GÖTTFERT Rheograph 20
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)
Dynamic mechanical analysis is used for the precise investigation of the viscoelastic material behavior of plastics, elastomers, composites, or coatings. It determines the storage and loss moduli, damping ratio, glass transition temperature, and even the slightest temperature-dependent changes in the moduli.
Example instrument: Mettler-Toledo DMA/SDTA861
Process development and optimization:
Rheological measurements make it possible to understand the flow behavior of plastic melts during manufacturing processes such as injection molding, extrusion or blow molding. This is crucial for optimizing processing parameters and improving product quality.
Quality control:
Rheological tests are used in the plastics industry to monitor material quality and consistency during production. Deviations in rheological properties can indicate changes in material composition or processing conditions.
Material development:
When developing new plastic materials, characterizing their rheological properties is crucial. This helps to develop materials with specific flow behavior, melt stability and processability properties.
Formulation of compounds:
Rheological tests are important in the development of compound materials that combine different polymers and fillers. The rheological properties influence the processability and end applications of such compounds.
Behavior at different temperatures:
The temperature dependence of the rheological properties of plastics is important to ensure that materials remain stable in different environments and applications. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is a rheological technique that investigates this.
Injection molding and extrusion processes:
Rheological measurements support the optimization of injection molding and extrusion processes by providing insight into melt viscosity and flow behavior during these processes.
SKZ – Testing GmbH
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97076 Würzburg
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