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Methods

Physical-chemical tests

Physico-chemical tests are mainly used to evaluate the properties and quality of plastic materials in various industrial applications. In general, a wide variety of test methods are used to provide rapid information on chemical resistance, formulation components, molecular structure and basic physical and technological properties. The results of these tests are used for general quality assurance, for improvements in product development and for compliance with a wide range of industry standards.

Martina Schubert
Project Manager | Special Services and Expert Reports
Würzburg
m.schubert@skz.de

Further details on this method

Extract from our test methods
  • Determination of the content of volatile or non-volatile components
  • Chemical resistance
    according to DIN EN ISO 175
  • Dehydrochlorination (DHC) 
    according to DIN 53381-1, DIN EN ISO 182-2, DIN EN ISO 182-3
  • Dichloromethane test (DCMT)
    according to DIN EN ISO 9852
  • Density
    according to DIN EN ISO 1183-1, DIN EN ISO 1183-3, ASTM D 792
  • Extraction/plasticizer content
    according to DIN EN ISO 6427, ISO 1407
  • Plasticizer release 
    according to DIN EN ISO 176
  • Fiber and filler or ash content
    according to DIN EN ISO 3451-1, -4 and -5, DIN EN ISO 1172
  • Fogging behavior
    according to DIN 75201
  • Odor behavior
    according to VDA 270, PV 3900
  • Carbon black content
    according to ISO 6964, ASTM D 1603
  • Salt spray test
    according to DIN EN ISO 9227
  • Stress crack resistance
    according to DIN EN ISO 22088-3, ISO 16770
  • Degree of cross-linking
    according to DIN 16892, DIN EN ISO 10147
  • Heat deflection temperature (HDT, Vicat)
    according to DIN EN ISO 75-1, -2, -3, DIN EN ISO 306
  • Water absorption
    according to DIN EN ISO 62
Typical samples for physico-chemical tests

Various types of sample materials are used for physico-chemical tests in order to evaluate their properties and interactions with other substances under different conditions. Typical samples include plastics in the form of granules, semi-finished products, molded parts or films. The selection of samples and the sample quantity depend on the requirements of the tests, for example whether only chemical or physical-technological properties are to be examined. The samples should be representative of the actual area of application in order to achieve realistic results and must also usually be prepared extremely carefully to ensure accurate measurement results, e.g. by cutting, machining or grinding.

Technical test equipment

The technical test equipment for carrying out physical-chemical tests is particularly diverse due to the large number of different measurement methods in this category. A wide variety of vessels, containers, measuring devices and safety equipment are particularly important for carrying out storage tests. In addition, environmental simulation chambers optimized for special stresses are often used here. In addition, high-precision analytical measuring devices are also used to determine specially defined physical and chemical parameters or properties, which are often listed in material data sheets, for example.

Importance of physical-chemical tests in quality control

Physico-chemical tests are particularly important in the quality control of plastic products, as the underlying measurement methods can usually be carried out quickly and require comparatively little equipment. Regular tests allow deviations in production processes to be detected and corrected at an early stage, which leads to an improvement in product quality. In addition, physical-chemical tests are often included in various product standards in order to meet legal or special manufacturer requirements and to ensure the safety of end users. 

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